In recent years, China's LED industry has developed rapidly, at this stage in the industry hundreds of thousands of people, nearly a hundred research institutions, businesses thousands. Competition from the global LED industry, the current level of automation of domestic LED packaging companies increase rapidly, mainly in road lighting industry breakthrough lighting applications development, LED encapsulation and application of technology in terms of size and industrial importance in the world influence; on the other hand, the domestic enterprises LED epitaxy and chip production capacity and upgrading technology to a certain extent, the upstream industry has maintained a good momentum of development, but generally speaking, the relative competitiveness in the world is still relatively weak. <SPAN title="" closure_uid_2hz5td="488" jd="在此背景下，科技部适时启动了“十城万盏”计划，极大地推动了国内官、产、学各界对半导体照明事业发展的热情。" kd="In this context, the Ministry of Science and timely start of the " ? enthusiasm. lighting semiconductor of development the on communities academic and industry government, domestic promoted greatly which program, ten? thousand ten city>In this context, the Ministry of Science and timely start of the "city of ten thousand ten" program, which greatly promoted the domestic government, industry and academic communities on the development of semiconductor lighting enthusiasm. On this occasion, we will form the basis of research in recent years about LED R & D and industrial development of the idea put forward for the industry colleagues reference and correction. First, the characteristics of future industrial development: technology and market growth with the actual lighting of the output flux is usually in the thousands to tens of thousands of lumens lumens, and the current high-power type single white LED luminous flux is only about 100 lumens, so the semiconductor lighting usually tens to hundreds of clusters composed of white LED. LED performance in terms of the current, low voltage, constant current drive caused by the use of cluster LED semiconductor lighting must be solved by the great heat dissipation and constant AC power conversion to the low pressure caused by power management issues. In addition, the traditional power type LED package of small luminous flux, high-brightness light-emitting properties can cause very serious glare. Therefore, semiconductor lighting technology is not limited to the production of the chip and packaging technology, but a design that contains the optical, thermal and power management, etc., system-level technology. From the LED wafer to the final extension of lighting materials need to go through the chip production → → → die package and a series of lighting design and assembly of industrial chain link. On the one hand, from the wafer to the final lighting and display applications, all aspects of the industry chain can form a separate product, and have their own technical barriers and research needs; the other hand, the quality of end-applications will be subject to each link impact. For example, the core component of semiconductor lighting is LED chips, but the luminous efficiency of LED chips 100lm / W, does not mean that the efficiency of semiconductor lighting also reached 100lm / W; more importantly, semiconductor lighting products to gain market recognition including lighting efficiency, reliability, comfort and other human eye, including the overall performance compared to conventional lighting products must have a clear advantage. In other words, even if the efficiency of semiconductor lighting reach 100lm / W, does not mean that it necessarily accepted by the market, semiconductor lighting itself, there are many scientific issues need to be studied, such as lighting effects and quality, including color, color product consistency, such as the human eye comfort. Only when the technology enables semiconductor lighting efficiency, lighting quality, innovative design and other aspects of advantage relative to traditional light sources, semiconductor lighting is possible to enter and continue to develop the market. On the other hand, the expansion of markets will lead to production expansion and increasing investment in industry R & D to accelerate technological progress, so that performance and costs and prices declined. The two processes alternately back and forth, eventually leading to the rapid development of semiconductor lighting industry. Second, future market focus areas: semiconductor lighting and LED semiconductor lighting display for the outdoor industry, including general lighting, general lighting such as indoor, and in downstream industries; LED display industry, including LED backlight and the LED display on the field , middle and downstream industries. On the technical front, the upper, middle and lower reaches of industrial technology are the material epitaxy and chip preparation, package, module and lamp manufacturing technology. LED semiconductor lighting and display products, the middle reaches of industrial technology is basically the same, the difference mainly in downstream technology. 1, the next largest part of the semiconductor lighting market will be the general lighting and general illumination, including indoor lighting, outdoor lighting, two broad categories. These two types of applications require a high light emitting efficiency, long life, environmental protection and other features, the main difference is that the indoor lighting and quality of lighting effects (including color, color product consistency, light emitted and uniformity, comfort of the human eye, etc.) have high requirements, and the lamps for the price of consumer groups is more sensitive. On the other hand, the luminous efficiency of blue chip advantage to be further enhanced and limited by the white LED packaging technology, the current semiconductor lighting mostly cold white light of high color temperature, combined with product consistency and color is not quite as compared to traditional lighting of man, making the semiconductor lighting outdoor lighting in the current large-scale applications, and in the indoor lighting is just started. Therefore, the limited cost and quality of lighting, semiconductor lighting, outdoor lighting will be the first large-scale application, and then as the technology continues to evolve gradually into the interior lighting field. A typical application of outdoor lighting is a street lamp, street lighting is an important part of the city, its electricity consumption accounts for much of the lighting. The traditional use of high pressure sodium lamps, high pressure sodium lamps with high luminous efficiency is very low color-rendering index, making the color distortion is very obvious exposure to the object; high pressure sodium color to improve color, but the luminous efficiency, life has the loss; limited by the short-lived, requiring frequent maintenance of expensive high-altitude operations. General high pressure sodium lamp with optical performance is poor, that when the uniformity of road lighting is not good enough, and street lighting to meet the requirements of the general uniformity of high pressure sodium street light poles are used under the illumination than the demand for many of the rated power, resulting in energy waste, therefore, the development of new high efficiency, energy saving, long life, good color rendering index, environment-friendly energy-saving lamps lighting the city has very important significance. Outdoor lighting the huge market demand, driving lights and other power type LED lighting technology advances, costs continue to decline, new products continue to emerge. On the other hand, indoor lighting products are the most commonly used incandescent and fluorescent lamps. The luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps is very low, only a dozen or lumens / watt, while fluorescent lamps contain mercury and other harmful substances, is not conducive to environmental protection. Therefore, the indoor lighting on the demand for efficient and environmentally friendly lighting products more strongly. Although the current luminous efficiency white LED device characteristics and environmental protection has been more than incandescent and fluorescent lamps, but its composition and quality of the lamp lighting effects have not yet formed quickly the advantages of traditional lighting, interior lighting applications in only just begun. However, the huge market demand for indoor lighting, interior lighting will promote the application-oriented system-level packaging and the rapid development of application technology. 2, LED display industry with a huge LED display industry, including market potential, LED display and LED backlight. Needless to say, LED display in the outdoor display area has an absolute advantage. For indoor display, the current number of options, including the PDP, TFT-LCD, full-color LED displays. By contrast, PDP and LCD display difficult to achieve large size and low overall efficiency, power consumption; and indoor LED display on the one hand to provide high-quality display and easy to implement large size, the other benefit energy saving. Generally believed, LED display technology is already mature industry. However, in the interior areas of large screen display, LED display to give full play to the high display quality, large size, energy saving, environmental protection and other advantages, the average LED display large pixel spacing can not meet the application requirements. We believe that in a number of key technological breakthroughs, based on the large stadium, exhibition hall, large hall, small 46 to small and medium sized hall, meeting rooms and even the home site, will be the LED display to display its expertise in the arena. On the other hand, with the CCFL (cold cathode fluorescent lamp) compared to, LED backlight with energy saving, environmental protection, more perfect moving images, a wider color gamut and other advantages, will be in notebook computers, LCD-TV applications, such as their talents. Third, the next breakthrough in the field: LED encapsulation and application, the downstream industries of our GaN-based LED industry in the international and domestic patents related to research and in-depth analysis of the system, focusing on selected areas of the names of the companies and the core of patent statistics , produced by the European Patent Office patent literature database, Derwent World Patents Index (Derwent Innovations Index (DII)) and the Chinese State Intellectual Property Office patent search database to retrieve relevant patents to the United States (US), Japan (JP ), European (EP) and China (CN) of more than 3,000 copies of the patent were statistically analyzed. The core of the retrieved patents were classified, first according to the industry chain is divided into material epitaxy and chip production, the device package, the application of four links, each link in house and then subdivided into a number of technology categories, the number of patents for each category were the statistics. It can be seen, the current in the LED industry, patents are concentrated in the upstream, middle and lower part of the relatively small number of patents. This result and the LED technology is also related to the process. The early nineties from the twentieth century, developed a GaN-based LED ShujiNakamura has a lot of research work is devoted to material epitaxy and chip production, all the details from start to improve the performance of GaN-based LED. In this process, the upstream industry has been the rapid development of technology, the emergence of a large number of patented technologies, many of which, or the core technology, and in the downstream product development is lagging behind. <SPAN title="" closure_uid_2hz5td="545" jd="这样就形成了目前专利技术“上重下轻”的状况。" kd="This patented technology to form the current " ? situation. top-heavy?>This patented technology to form the current "top-heavy" situation. But now, GaN-based LED from the theoretical limit of performance although there are still some distance, but has basically meet the lighting requirements. As the technology matures upstream and downstream markets grew, LED encapsulation and application issues have been prominent. From the product point of view, whether or LED semiconductor lighting display module, is not simply to be combined together to form LED devices. Application areas include packaging and drive circuit, thermal and optical design, a series of major scientific and technological issues, and these problems are meant to produce the patented technology.
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