Reporters in the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan and other places to interviews, with the spread of financial crisis and macroeconomic adjustment, SME financing changes have taken place: banks to increase financial support for SMEs, some banks issued task index, able to fulfill the "one vote veto"; the contrary, some companies are as difficult operating conditions, stop, turn off the situation intensifies, and then refused to bank credit, there was even deliberately Tao Feizhai signs of enterprises, social credit risk is increasing.
Experts believe that the government, banks, enterprises should strengthen the interaction between three parties, it is recommended to support the business needs of departments listed in the list of credit for small enterprises to implement separate management, increase the Tao Feizhai the recovery efforts, increase financial product innovation, improve SME credit system.
Credit risk increase for some enterprises, "refused to loan"
Banking Bureau of Guangdong Province official said, since 2008, banking institutions within its jurisdiction does not exist in the council credit crunch problem. On the contrary, as the financial crisis on the real economic impact of growing small and medium business environment deteriorate further, close, cut, out of business and the increasing relocation of small and medium enterprises, credit risk is also increasing. Reflect some banks, some high-quality investment and SME customers will substantially expand production dropped demand for funds plummeted, went so far as enterprises, "refused to credit" phenomenon. Reporter learned in the research, the current financing at the following three new conditions:
- The closure of small and medium enterprises increased, some enterprises have "refused to credit" phenomenon. SME Bureau of Guangdong Province, statistics show, the first three quarters of 2008, Guangdong discontinued, out of business, closing and transfer of enterprises 7148, but entered in October, the province's small and medium enterprises of various economic indicators turns sharply down, off, Discontinued, out of business and the growing relocation of small and medium enterprises, as of October this figure rose to 15,661, a month doubled. Reporter learned from the Guangdong Industrial and Commercial Bank, the business environment, investment environment and dramatic changes in marketing environment, some high-quality investment and SME customers will substantially expand production dropped demand for funds plummeted. Specific performance: First, banks have been approved but the companies do not want to withdraw money through loans, and second, ahead of the return bank business loans outstanding, the three banks to be suspended but the business loan application for approval. According to preliminary statistics, only the September-November 2008 in Guangdong due to the above three cases the bank can not put small business loans totaling approximately 2.2 billion.
- Enterprises have deliberately Tao Feizhai signs of increased risk of social credit. Guangdong Branch of ICBC, said Vice President Yang Nanchang by domestic and international economic and financial situation and the complex internal and external operating environment and other unfavorable factors, most of the SMEs operating costs rise, profits decline, the credit risk of SMEs do not determine the factors that has increased significantly, in September 2008 after the individual business or even deliberate acts of evasion of debts, increase the stock of bank loans to SMEs management more difficult, leading to an increase in non-performing loans, loan risks. Loans to SMEs in 2009 is expected to face greater asset quality will continue to pressure, part of the "two out" small and medium enterprises and export-oriented operating conditions could continue to deteriorate, the risks of commercial banks control the ability to make more tests.
- Financing narrow, lack of endogenous financing. Banking Bureau of Guangdong Province official said, according to a survey of small businesses in Dongguan, 90% of the financing through bank borrowings. Most small business enterprises to obtain bank loans as the main form of funding and even the only form of contracted investment of little use, small equity transfer, financing, leasing and other financing channels. Production of biological products such as Dongguan, science and technology in a small business, 43 employees, hire plant, annual sales of 200-300 tons of products, recently the company plans to invest in a 50 million capital improvements project, but failed to take equipment through an intermediary company Some companies lease or share through diversification, attracting local surplus capital to join and other ways to solve the financing problem of a shortage.
SMEs have "skills" easy to be financial support
The impact of the financial crisis has dealt a blow to many industries, the most direct impact is decreased orders, business difficult. Journalists in the survey found that some have "skills" for SMEs, easier access to bank or other institution financial support. Foshan City, a person in charge of adhesive products company, said Mr. Zhu, in October 2008 was the turning point on the business, the recent 1 / 3 of the production has been suspended, the workers leave early. Unexpected is that the U.S. financial crisis of local people to eat more instant noodles, plastic products matching needed. Recent ICBC business in a timely manner to get a loan, a new package of instant noodles production line of plastic products, now become the main anchor.
Some companies find opportunities in crisis, in the leading position in the emerging industry, they are also vulnerable to the favor of banks or other institutions. Dongguan Kingsun Optoelectronic Co., Ltd., Li Xuliang that, in fact, the overall environment of the operating difficulties of enterprises from the two or three years ago began. By raw material prices, RMB appreciation, decreased international demand and other factors, some SMEs face cash flow and production more difficult, many SMEs have closed down. Kingsun danger, beginning in 2004 from traditional lighting to the semiconductor lighting upgrade. Kingsun now become China's semiconductor lighting standard-setting national standards and commitment to local units in the industry to lead green lighting industry standards and trends, enterprises in 2008, but market trends by leaps and bounds, the end of 2008 received more than 300 million yuan of orders, got a lot of venture capital and foreign bank funds of all ages.
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Guangdong Branch Vice President Yang Nanchang that small and medium business will be the focus of competition among banks. If large enterprises are the backbone of banking, then SME is flesh and blood banking, the bank also need to find high-quality small and medium customers. Increase financial support for SMEs, can not just give credit line, which is cooked rice, useful, but the solution will not be forthcoming; key depends on total loans, loans to see how much these figures although frequently billion one hundred billion yuan less than the line of credit, but these are the "rice", it can save lives. To promote the release of SME lending, the provincial specialized services line of business of SMEs linked to point two branches of the Steering cities to help solve problems encountered in business development, while the relevant person in charge of implementation of "one vote veto" of the assessment program, as long as the task did not complete the small business loan, the annual assessment will be rejected.
Proposal to give individual management SME lending
Interview a number of government officials, banking industry, business executives believe that the current situation, to break the bottleneck of SME financing, to help SMEs get past the storm, there must be spirit of innovation, the government bank and join forces, in SME credit management, risk prevention, product innovation, to explore a new way suited to the condition.
First, the increase for small business or banking institutions in the fiscal policy support and individual loans to SMEs management. Banking Bureau of Guangdong official said, small businesses compared with large enterprises, bank loans face higher costs and risks. Proposal to give individual SME loan management, write-off bad loans give a more flexible policy. On bank credit to small enterprises, should be 2 years business tax relief incentives, reduce operational costs and risks of banks pressure; to the advantages and disadvantages of small enterprises mergers and acquisitions tax relief for all the preferential policies, or the first of transaction tax sign back.
Second, banks and enterprises should strengthen the interaction, the banks can create credit, "Red List", take the initiative to help enterprises to "danger in seeking opportunities," a total break out the storm. Experts believe that in the current tough macroeconomic situation, some companies actively refused bank credit, but is a rational development, and active contraction of the good business, should become the bank's long-term good customer. These enterprises will not invest in the short term, but can be appropriate for these enterprises to provide the credit line, so that enterprises in need of funds directly into the loan. Compared with some of Tao Feizhai enterprises, these enterprises can access credit good credit record, "Red List", the credit approval in the future when banks can enjoy certain concessions, or you can enter the green channel shortening the processing time of loans. In addition, banks can also use the occasion of opening the current M & A loans, and enterprises to strengthen interaction and resource sharing, support enterprises "'danger' in search 'machine'," the industrial chain of mergers and acquisitions, for the strength of corporate M & A loans, and business Chuang difficulties were common development.
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